Pump-plunger.



P. V. BRAYMER.

PUMP PLUNGBR. 'APPLICATION FILED JULY 21, 1911.v

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F. V. BRAYMER. PUMP PLUNGBR. APPLIoATIoN FILED JULY 21, 1911.

1,028,426.. v Patented June 4, 1'912.

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` tons, and particularly .'45 ther object is.to provide a l l panying drawings v9v vherein:

FoBREs'r vieron. BMYMEB., oniaLooiuINe VALLEY, PENNSYLVANIA.

PUMP-PLUNGER.

Application filed July 21, 1911. Serial No. 639,810.

Specication of Letters Patent.

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To all concern: f

'Be it known that I, F, QRREST;V. .BRAM/nin,A citizenl of the United States, residing `at Blooming Valley, in the county of Craw- 5 ford yand State of lennsyl'vania, have invented.` certain new'and useful Improvements in Pump-Plungers, .of which the follpwingis a specification. y

My invention relates to plungers or pis-` to the piston or plunger heads of pumps, the invention being. 'adapted to be used for pumping air, water, oil or otherfiuid either in an exhaust pump ora compression pump. N The primary object ofmy invention is the provision of a piston head for plunger piii'nps which is self-lubricating, that is, which is so constructed as to carry a relatively large supply oflubricant, and which while very light in construction may be easily made,.'s very eective Jfor the purpose, and in which the partsl may be easily re- .placed when worn or otherwise damaged.

' lAnother object is to so.construct the pis- 25. ton or plunger head that itwill carry hard grease or.`lubricant to lubricate the packing cupof the plunger. v r A further object is to so construct the piston ory plunge head that it may carry an absorbent packing capable of retaining a relatively large amount of semi-fluid lubricant, and a still further object is to construct a plunger head adapted to 'carry both hard greasepandhuid or semi-fluid lubricant. A

Y A still further object is to provide a plun- .ger-hea so constructed-that as the plunger is recipro- /dated the lubricant contained in the head will be -subjected to pressure, thus Jforcing the olubricant out around the lpacking cup y of the head. f y A further object is to provide means for supporting the packing cup, and a still furl plunger head .made up of separable sections, so construct- -edthat the sections areto a degree interchangeable, thus affording means whereby the structure `of the'plunger head may bel v aried to suit varying conditions of use.

4' Otheifobjects will appear in the course of l, the following. description.

y1 invention is'illustrated inthe accomfigure a longitudinal section ofthe d .capable of carrying lubricant, andv cylinder of a pump and the piston head therein. Fig. 2'is a plan view of the piston head shown inFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspecy tive detail view of ,the parts composing" the piston hea'd,'the parts being separated from each other. Fig. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 1 but showing a modified arrangement of the parts composing the piston head. Fig. 5 is a like view to Fig. 4 but showing another modified arrangement. Fig. 6 is a like view to Fig'. 4 but showing a modiication of the lubricant supporting disk. Fig.

7 is a like view to Fig. 6 but showing a modilied arrangement of the disks.

\'[ Corresponding and like parts are referred to'in the following description and indicated in all the views of the accompanying drawings by the same reference characters.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 3, A desig-L nates the cylinder of a pump such as the cylinder of a tire pump, this cylinder being shown merely for illustration. The open end of the cylinder is closed by a diskB of wood or other suitable material, which is provided with a circumferentia groove C `which is shown as extending entirely around the' disk B, this being the-preterable form. The open end 'of the cylinder is provided with a plurality of screws D which pass thro'ugh the walls of the cylinder and which engage the disk B to hold it in place Withinl the cylinder. v It will be'seen that this makes it very easy to set the cap or disk .B in place or to easily remove the cap or disk whenever desired. Passing through the disk B is the plunger rod 2 provided at its upper end with any suitable'hand-leor means whereby it may be connected to a power operated member (not shown) where the pump is intended to be operated by machinery. The innerI 'extremity of' the plunger rod 2.F is screw threaded as at 3, and supported upon theinner extremity of this screw -threadedportion is ainut 4 constituting an abutment, against which the parts forming the piston head may be forced-or compressed. The inner extremity ofithe plunger rod is also pyro-I like member capable.

vided with a nut or of being screwed up toward the nut 4 to compress the sections ofthe piston head as will be now described. Surrounding the screw threaded portion of the plungerA rod is the leather packing cupl 6. This cup is preferably made of leather, though not necessarily so,'and is slightly concavo-convex, or,

in .other words, is formed with a central rel-y atively flat-portion and a'defiected rim. In order to give a sufficient support to theflat central portion of the plunger cup 6 against back strain, I preferably mount upon one face vof the cup the annular washer 7 which is formed with a plurality of perforations 8 and which hasa central opening loosely surrounding the screw threaded ortion of .the plunger 2. This washer 7 is of) course of less vdiameter than the cup 6.

In the4 form of my invention shown in Figs. 1 to 3, a circular plate or disk 9 is sup-` ported above the washer 7 which isso shaped that it will supporta ring 10 of fibrous absorbent material such" as felt between the plate 9 and the washer 7. As illustrated in Fig. 3, this plate 9 is dished at its central portion as at 11 so as to provide a iiat surface 12 bearing against the washer 7. The

-side walls of the depressed central portion 11 are upwardly and outwardly inclined, f and the plate then forms a flat surface 14 eX- 'tending out to the circumference of the plate, this fiat surface being perforated as at 15 at anumber of points. The fibrous packing 10 is somewhat larger -in diameter than the plate 9 so as to project beyond the plate and so that when the plate is forced against the packing, the packing will be pressed outward. around the edge of the plate as illustrated in Fig. 1. This packing 10 is absorbent and is adapted to hold liquid 'lubricant. The pressure on the disk or plate 9, and the pressure exerted on the packing through theopenings 15 tends to force the lubricant out laterally against the packing cup 6 and against the walls of thecylinder v A.r These openings also permit the passage,

of liquid lubricating material rto the packl' ing 10.

Mounted below thepacking cup' 6 is a disk 16. This disk is formed with a central depressed portion 17 defined'by an annular chamber 18, (the outer wall- 19 of' which eX- tends inward to-a plane beyond the plane of the dat central portion of the disk. 'Ihere is thus provided an annular chamber 18 which is adapted to contain either absorbent materia-l such as felt, cotton or the like, or to contain lubricant in a semi-solid. Grease and like lubricating materials may be carried within this annular chamber 18 and will be forced'out against the face of the 'cup6 arid thus supplied to the inner surface of the cylinder. It is to be noted in this connection that the circumferential wall 19 extends beyond the plane of the'centralportion of the disk 16 and that as a consequence the disk .16 is somewhat elastic, that is, the central portion of the disk may be depressed relative to the marvin, so that the lubricant contained between the disk and the cup 6 will be subjected to compression upon each stroke of the 4piston and will thus be -caused to ilow outward toward lthe circumference of s the packing cup 6. It will further be seen that the'circumferential wall 19 of the disk 16 acts to support the cup and hold it infirm engagement with the face of the washer 7, thus permitting the cup to be made of relatively light and flexible material. The disk 16 is formed with a pluralityjof openings 20 whereby oil may be applied tothe packing -behind the disk Where liquid lubricant and lng on one side a disk 9 adapted to retain 'and compress a ringof absorbent material,

and on the'opposite side a disk 16 adapted to support the plunger cup 6 and hold rela tively solid lubricantin contact therewith,

it will be obvious that these 'parts may be interchanged, and further it will be obvious that under some circumstances it might bedesirable to use opposed plates 9 wlth' opposed absorbent rings 10, and that in other v cases it might be advisable to provide opposed plates 16 adapted to contain semi-solid lubricant on both sides of the plunger cup 6.

In Fig. 4 I show the first suggested modiication. v In this fig-ure, 22 designates the plunger rod, 23 the plunger cup which is the same as the cup 6, 24 and 25 opposedfy disks each precisely like the disk 9 previously described, and 26 and 27 oppositely disposed ringsof fibrous absorbent material such -as felt, these rings being of the same construction as the'ring 102 The central flat portion of the plunger is supported by' means of the washer 28 which 1s precisely the same as the washer 7 in Fig. 3. These members are held in place upon the plunger by means of. the nuts 29 and 30 which are equivalent to the nuts 4 and 5' previously described. The washer`28'is perforated as are the plates 24 and 25. This form' of plunger head is particularly adapted for cases wher/e only liquid lubricant is desired.- to be used.

cup of which is supported by means of two In F 1g.V 5 Iishow a plunger, the packing contain eith'er a fibrous mass of"V absorbent material for holding liquid lubricant, or to contain semi-solid lubricant such as grease.

In this form, 32 designates the plungerrod having thereon the screw .threaded portion' 33 and the oppositely disposed nuts 34 and 35. The cup 36 is precisely the same as heretofore described; Disposed on opposite sides of the cup 36 are the disks 37 and 38, each having the form of the disk 16 illustrated in' Fig. 3, these disks being perforated as described for the disk 16. The space between these disksl and the adjacentface of the Y the lubricant out. It wlll be furthr seen V-tli`at the degree of initial compression exertplunger or the adjacent face of the washer 39 may be illed, either with lubricant soaked fibrous material, or with thick or'heavy oil, or with grease. 'The washer 39 is perforated precisely the same as the washer 7 so as to permit the grease to have access to the face of the plunger vcup 36.

In Fig. 6 I show another form ofthe diskl which is particularly adapted to be used where no washer is used. In this form the disk designated 40 is depressed at its center as at A41 and at its margln as at 42 so as to provide-an annular chamber 43, the

margin 42 being flat so as to secure a contact wth the face of the packing cup.

It will be`seen that both disks 9 and 16, the disks 37. and 38, the disks 24 and 25.. and

flat

the disk 40 are all made with a central depressed portion within which are disposed the nuts for holding the disks in their roper position upon the plunger rod, an that these nuts are disposed. each within a cup and that thereby the nuts are guarded so that the plunger may be forced down to the extremity of the cylinder v.without the'lower nut contacting with the end of the cylinder, and that the plunger may be` brought up to its full height so that it will contact with the inner face of the head andyet the' upper nut will be'guarded from contact with the head. `This prevents the nuts from; being bent and the threads of the nuts damaged, thus preventing the replacement of the parts, and this const-ruction also ,prevents the nuts orv projecting end of the plunger rod from damaging the cylinder heads. s. v

Itwill be seen that in all forms of my yinvention I provide a cup, and dispose on ea'ch side of thec'up perforated resilient disks,

v lubricant bein contained between said disks andthe face o 'the cup, and that in all these forms provision Ais made not only whereby the lubricant retaining disks are rendered resilient so that they may' be compressed upon each reciprocation of the plunger rod, but the disks are also provided with perforations whereby the fluid itselfy withinthe 'ist cylinder by cant out upon by reason of the perforations on the disks bears against the lubricant carried by the disks, and as the piston is forced vdown onto the uid, the pressure of the fluid transmitted to the lubricant Awill force a portion of ed by the disks upon any packing or grease which may be placed betweenthe disks may be changed at will by screwing up upon the' nuts', 29 or 35. While vI have rovided means whereby the lubricant retaining disks are rendered resilient so as to compress thel lubricant disposed between the disks and the plunger cup, 'I donot wish to be limited pumps. In rig.

' and 50 are perforated to easy removal and' its'pressure may force the lubrithe-plunger cup... This fluid to the use of resilient disks as While it is possible to make the disks very resilient and 'the plunger head therefore relatively resilient, it is also possible to make the disks relatively rigid and 'so associatel them as to make a very firm and durable plunger head. This is a preferred construction in some 7 I show another arrangement of .the elements in my piston. In this figure, 45 and 46 `designate oppositely disposed suction cups `arranged with their marginal flanges extending in opposite directions so that thepiston may be used both for drawing in and forcing out fluid. These cups are of course mounted on the piston rod 47 and on opposite sidesof the cups areplacedk the washers oriI disks '48 which are perfor rated as *before described. Alsol mounted are held in contact with the washers 45 and I the vplunger cups by means of Vthe oppositely disposed nuts 51 engaging the screw threaded portion of the piston rod 47. Absorbent packing or solid lubricant may be placed between the washers as before described. c

I do not wish to be limited to the exact vform of the circumferential wall of the grease retaining disk as the curvature-or angle of this wall may be varied to suit either di'erent classes" 'of lubricant 0r to correspond with varying degrees vof ieXibility in the plunger cup. The more inclined this outer wall, whichis designated 19 in Fig. 3, the more disks 49 and 50 and the adjacentl elastic dthe disk 16 will be, while the nearer. the margin o-f the wall 'approximates the direction of the plunger rod 2, the stiffer the wall will be. Where the central depression in the grease supporting disk is not quite so deep yas the outer edge,

the oiiter portion of the plunger cup which willl hold it in goud cont-act with the pump Abarrel or cylinder, particularly where the plunger cup is made of light and shrinkable material. The washer 7 in Fig. 3 4may be dispensed with when vit is notdesiredrto stiden the plunger cup. Where it is not used, the plunger'head is more flexible'than where it is: used, and where-extra stiffness plunger head, the washer is required for the y. may be madeof greater thickness than is l usual. The various parts l. of :the plunger extra support will .be given to.`

izo

ing seated 1n a suitable seat formed 1n the head are so made that when associated they give a de ree of elasticity to the plunger head whic admits of producing a high degree of compression Within. the cylinder Without 'any tendency to bind;

In order to prevent the nuts turning` upon the plunger rod I may use any desired form of nutllock, but as shown for this purpose I provide a key 44 driven into place between the loWermost--nut and the rod, the key beadjacent faces of the rod and nut.' My improved plunger head composed o the parts described is adapted for use in air, gas or other like pumps-but is more especially capable of use in air pumps, bicycle pumps, and the air pumps connected to timeA by squirting the oil through an oill hole in the pump barrel. I have. found also thattheusers of light air pumps such as are used for atomizers and like devices find it most convenient to use relatively light and linel lubricating oils, andfthey neglect to ap-I ply a relatively stiff lubricant vyhich is nec- 1 essary. By( the usel of my device when the.

plunger is made for compression pumps, the

lower disk, or front disk as it may be called,

is filled Withhard grease or lubricant. The light oils are added from ltime to time as the user may desire by placing a small amount of oil in the inside of the pump barrel be hind the plunger head, this. oil being absorbed by the absorbent packing and penetrating the plunger cup later. This light oil combines in a measure with the hard grease. 'Hard grease or like lubricant may be associated with the absorbent packingl or be placed adjacent to it for combination with light lubricant that may be added fromtime to time, or Wit-h my device har'd grease or lubricant may' be used exclusively and no relatively fluid oil be used. This is particularly useful where the plunger is used to" displace heated air or heated fluids which will tend to liquefy the hard greaseor lubricant. In practice I nd that users often use light lubricant such as kerosene oil tov lubricate a plunger. This is bad, but by loading .the plunger -With hard grease I find very good results are secured even under. all

' usags and for a long period.

e` pressureofthe oil within the cylin-.-

der Will through the perforations in the several disks tend to-force ,the lubricant the plunger cup er packing but the perforations in the .dlsks are particularly nec'- essary to permit the filling of the parts with,

lubricant Without taking the plunger head apart. The perforationsin the Washer are to permit. the lubricant readily passing to. the plunger cup as this renders the leather pliable, and this in turn makes the plunger quick acting- Where it is used for compressing. It is to be understood, of course, that' the perforations may be made of any form ing, and by this packing be carried to the cup later as required. i

I do not Wish to be confined tov making the plunger head with the exact combination of parts illustrated in the drawings, it being one of themain features of my invention .that the different members of the plunger head may be arranged in a great many combinations so as to adapt the plunger head to diderent varieties of pumps or ydifferent uses. I have only indicated five of these combinations but it is possible to combine these several elements illustrated in the drawings in some -tWenty-one different combinations. Thus for instance the perforated disk 7 might be combined' with the cup 6, packing 10 and the disk 9, or the Washer might be combined with the cup'6 and the Adisk 16, or again the form of disk 40 illustrated in'Fig. 6 might becombinedwith the,-

cup 6 and with the perforated Washer 7, or the disk 40 4in=-]i`ig. 6 vmight be combined with the cup 61 and the disk 16, as illustrated in Fig. 6';` or again, the disk 9 might be combinedjwith thepacking-lO, the Washer '7, the cp 6, .packing 10 and another disk 9. As before. stated, it' is one of the peculiar and .vital features of my 4.invention that #these disks are adapted to be combined with each other and with the cup 6 so as to adapt the` plunger to various different forms and uses. s

What I claim is:

1. A plunger head including a plunger cup, a perforated Washer on the cup, and a perforated resilient lubricant supporting 'disk dispo'sed adjacentvto' said Washer', and means for forcing the cup, Washer and disk toward each-other'. t'

2. tA plungerhead, including a plunger cup, opposite y disposed lubricant su porting disks on each side of the cup, sal disks being perforated, wfhereby to .permit fluid laov . cup, oppositely disposed pressure to force the lubricant out ofthe lubricant supporting disks, and 'means for forcing the disks toward the cup.

. 3. The combination wtha plunger rod, of a plunger head therefor including a plunger disks located on cach side of the cup, each of said disksy havingna. central `\depressed portion extending toward said cup, the-disks being adapted to support, lubricating material oneachside of the cup, said disks beingv perforated whereby to permit iuid pressure to force -a portion of the lubricant'out from said disks, and oppositely disposed nuts having screw threaded engagement with the rod and disposed on each side of the plunger head.

4. The combination with a plunger rod having a screw threaded .port1on, of nuts y' /on the oppositeends of the screw threaded 20 portion, a iiexible plunger cup disposed between the nuts,'a ring of fibrous absorbent ,material disposed on oneside of the plunger cup, a perforated disk disposed againstl the outer face of the ring and between the ring and the adjacent nut, said disk having a central depressed portion, a perforated washer on the opposite side of the plungerl cup, and a disk located between said'washer and the adjacent nut, said disk having a depressed central portion and a depressedV marginal portion adapted to contact with the face ofthe washer, said disk being perforated.

In .testimony whereof, I aix my.` signa- -turein presence of two witnesses.

Forensi! vieron minimi. [1.; SL]

- `Witnesses:

J. DEWEY BARR, H. T. JoNEs. 

